ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS Search for young stars among ROSAT All-Sky Survey X-ray sources in and around the R CrA dark cloud

We present the ROSAT All-Sky Survey data in a 126 deg area in and around the CrA star forming region. With low-resolution spectroscopy of unidentified ROSAT sources we could find 19 new pre-main sequence stars, two of which are classical T Tauri stars, the others being weak-lined. The spectral types of these new T Tauri stars range from F7 to M6. The two new classical T Tauri stars are located towards two small cloudlets outside of the main CrA cloud. They appear to be ∼ 10 Myrs old, by comparing their location in the H-R diagram with isochrones for an assumed distance of 130 pc, the distance of the main CrA dark cloud. The new offcloud weak-line T Tauri stars may have formed in similar cloud-lets, which have dispersed recently. High-resolution spectra of our new T Tauri stars show that they have significantly more lithium absorption than zero-age mainsequence stars of the same spectral type, so that they are indeed young. From those spectra we also obtained rotational and radial velocities. For some stars we found the proper motion in published catalogs. The direction and velocity of the 3D space motion – south relative to the galatic plane – of the CrA T Tauri stars is consistent with the dark cloud being formed originally by a high-velocity cloud impact onto the galactic plane, which triggered the star formation in CrA. We also present VRIJHK photometry for most of the new T Tauri stars to derive their luminosities, ages, and masses. Send offprint requests to: Ralph Neuhäuser ⋆ Partly based on observations collected at the 1.52m and 3.5m telescopes of the European Southern Observatory, Chile, in programs 55.E-0549, 57.E-0646, and 63.L-0023, and on observations collected at the 0.9m, 1.5m, and 4.0m CTIO telescope.